加料方式对共沉淀法制备的Cu/MnO/Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备Cu/MnO/Al₂O₃催化剂,运用N₂吸附-脱附、XRD、XRF和H₂-TPR等对其进行表征,并用于乙酸甲酯加氢制乙醇反应,考察共沉淀加料方式对催化剂结构及其催化性能的影响。结果表明,共沉淀时采用的加料方式显著影响制备的Cu/MnO/Al₂O₃催化剂的织构性质、CuO晶粒大小、还原性能和化学组成,这些因素共同作用决定了催化剂在乙酸甲酯加氢反应中的催化性能。其中,反加法制得的催化剂Cu和Mn组分含量相对比值接近理论值,且具有较高的比表面积和较佳的还原性能,因而表现出最佳的催化性能,在反应温度200 ℃、压力6.5 MPa、空速0.6 h^-1和氢酯物质的量比50条件下,乙酸甲酯转化率和乙醇选择性分别达98.9%和98.1%。     

HClO_4-SiO_2催化合成乙酸环己酯

以HClO4-SiO2为催化剂,乙酸和环己醇为原料,环己烷为带水剂,催化合成乙酸环己酯。研究了酸醇比、催化剂用量、反应时间和带水剂用量等因素对酯化率的影响。确定最佳反应条件为:n(乙酸):n(环己醇)=1:1.1,催化剂用量为乙酸质量的4%,反应时间为3 h,酯化率达到94.4%。催化剂连续使用6次,催化活性无明显降低。     

一种新型含咪唑基壳聚糖衍生物的合成方法和吸附性能研究

本文发现了一种合成新型氨基螯合物——N-4(5)-甲基咪唑壳聚糖(IMC),本文还通过凝胶合成法直接对4(5)-羟甲基咪唑的羟基进行取代。以上所得聚合物的结构均通过核磁共振确定。实验中,我们将样品分别与表氯醇、乙二醇缩水甘油醚、二乙二醇缩水甘油醚交联,并对吸附作用进行了研究。我们得到以下结论:聚合物的吸附作用和溶胀度取决于交联剂及其交联度;IMC对AuIII、PtIV和PdII离子的吸附作用高于非改性聚合物;随着交联度的增加,IMC从氯化物溶液中提取贵金属离子的过程变得更加有选择性;IMC对Co II和Ni II离子的吸附能力高于壳聚糖及其N杂环衍生物。     

高效抗污卷铝涂料的研制

通过对各个原材料的深度筛选,合理搭配,研制出高效抗污卷铝涂料。着重研究了主体树脂的改性及各种助剂的应用,制得的涂料具有高效抗污性和抗菌性,同时漆膜具有优异的附着力、机械加工性、耐化学品性和耐腐蚀性,特别适合用于室内外装潢、幕墙、天花吊顶等场合。     

银氧化锡合金废料电解综合回收工艺研究

采用直流电解法和化学法回收银氧化锡(AgSnO2)合金废料中的银和锡。优化得到的电解银工艺参数为:槽电压1.5~3.0 V,电解周期为24 h,电解液中Ag⁺浓度为150~260 g/L,HNO3浓度为15~20 g/L,同极距120~140 mm,极板排布为六阴极五阳极间隔交替排列。一个周期银氧化锡废料电解银直收率接近95%,主体纯银粉在阴极析出。富含氧化锡的阳极泥和残极用硝酸浸出少量残余银,不溶渣还原熔炼回收锡,硝酸浸出的含银溶液中加入氢氧化钠调节pH值到10,沉淀得氧化银,500℃焙烧得到单质银。废料中的银和锡均得到有效回收。全流程银的回收率不低于99%。     

Enantiodivergent Brucine Diol‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones

Enantiodivergent catalyst systems were developed using metals with different ionic radii and a multifunctional brucine diol (BD) ligand. The catalytic use of purported 1:1 Cu‐BD complexes in the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with chalcones resulted in the selective formation of endo‐pyrrolidines in 87–96% ees with an absolute stereochemical outcome of (2R,3S,4R,5S). In contrast, an opposite absolute stereochemical outcome was observed by using the catalysts derived from Ag(I) salts and BD. The demonstration of enantiodivergent approaches to a broad class of substrates/reaction types underlines their synthetic value in asymmetric synthesis.

     

氯醋树脂汽提工艺改进

针对氯醋树脂正压汽提系统运行时出现的脱吸温度高、树脂黏性大、装置频繁停车等问题进行了改造,增加了真空机组,使汽提系统在负压下运行,降低了汽提温度,节省了蒸汽用量,提高了氯醋树脂的产品质量,保证了系统的平稳运行。     

Silver Nanoparticles/Ibuprofen-Loaded Poly(l-lactide) Fibrous Membrane: Anti-Infection and Anti-Adhesion Effects

Infection caused by bacteria is one of the crucial risk factors for tendon adhesion formation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP)-loaded physical barriers were reported to be effective in anti-infection and anti-adhesion. However, high silver load may lead to kidney and liver damages. This study was designed for Ibuprofen (IBU)-loaded poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) electrospun fibrous membranes containing a low dosage of Ag to evaluate its potential in maintaining suitable anti-infection and good anti-adhesion effects. The in vitro drug release study showed a sustained release of Ag ions and IBU from the membrane. Inferior adherence and proliferation of fibroblasts were found on the Ag4%–IBU4%-loaded PLLA electrospun fibrous membranes in comparison with pure PLLA and 4% Ag-loaded PLLA membranes. In the antibacterial test, all Ag-loaded PLLA electrospun fibrous membranes prevented the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Ibuprofen is effective in enhancing the anti-adhesion and anti-proliferation effects of 4% Ag-loaded PLLA fibrous membrane. The medical potential of infection reduction and adhesion prevention of Ag4%–IBU4%-loaded PLLA electrospun fibrous membrane deserves to be further studied.     

碘催化酯交换合成酯的研究

以分子碘或酸作为催化剂,在相同的条件下采用不同的酯交换剂与正丙醇反应,实验表明,碘能有效催化酯交换反应,酯的反应顺序为苯甲酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸乙烯酯,并对实验结果进行了初步分析。     

五水硫酸铜催化合成乙酸正丙酯的研究

采用五水硫酸铜催化合成乙酸正丙酯,研究不同反应时间、五水硫酸铜用量、乙酸和正丙醇摩尔比对乙酸正丙酯产率的影响。结果表明,最佳的工艺条件为:催化剂用量为2.5 g,醇酸摩尔比为2∶1,反应时间为2.5 h。在此条件下,收率可达78.64%,转化率为87.83%。产品为无色透明液体,具有淡淡的果香味,30℃下测得其折光率为1.383 9,沸程为98.5~101.6℃,纯度为82.36%。